２００９年８月

Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2009 Aug 20.
The relationship between symptoms, body mass index, gastrointestinal transit and stool frequency in patients with irritable bowel syndrome.
Sadik R, Bjornsson E, Simren M.
Department of Internal Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Goteborg, Sweden.

Rheumatology (Oxford). 2009 Aug 20.
Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in systemic sclerosis.
Marie I, Ducrotte P, Denis P, Menard JF, Levesque H.
Department of Internal Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Department of Digestive Physiology and Department of Biostatistics, Rouen University Hospital, Rouen Cedex, Fra

Science. 2009 Aug 28;325(5944):1128-31.
Functional characterization of the antibiotic resistance reservoir in the human microflora.
Sommer MO, Dantas G, Church GM.
Department of Genetics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. sommer@genetics.med.harvard.edu

J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Aug 25.
The Effect of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Byproducts and Ellagitannins on the Growth of Human Gut Bacteria.
Bialonska D, Kasimsetty SG, Schrader KK, Ferreira D.
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy.

ISME J. 2009 Aug 27.
Convergent temporal dynamics of the human infant gut microbiota.
Trosvik P, Stenseth NC, Rudi K.
[1] NOFIMA Mat, Norwegian Food Research Institute, As, Norway [2] Centre for Ecological and Evolutionary Synthesis (CEES), Department of Biology, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Br J Nutr. 2009 Aug 25:1-8.
The effect of age and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs on human intestinal microbiota composition.
Makivuokko H, Tiihonen K, Tynkkynen S, Paulin L, Rautonen N.
Danisco Finland Oy, Sokeritehtaantie 20, FIN-02460 Kantvik, Finland.

Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Aug 21.
Response of Gut Microbiota to Fasting and Hibernation in Syrian Hamsters.
Sonoyama K, Fujiwara R, Takemura N, Ogasawara T, Watanabe J, Ito H, Morita T.
Laboratory of Food Biochemistry, Division of Applied Bioscience, Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan; Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physiology, Graduate School of Life Science, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan; Creative Research Institute "Sousei", Hokkaido University, Sapporo 001-0021, Japan; Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Shizuoka University, Shizuoka 422-8529, Japan.
Analysis of 16S rRNA clone library and species-specific real-time quantitative PCR showed that the class Clostridia predominated in both active and torpid hamsters and that the populations of Akkermansia muciniphila, a mucin degrader, were increased by fasting, but not by hibernation. From these results, we conclude that gut microbiota responds differently to fasting and hibernation in Syrian hamsters.

J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Aug 20.
In Vitro Fermentation of Arabinoxylan-Derived Carbohydrates by Bifidobacteria and Mixed Fecal Microbiota.
Pastell H, Westermann P, Meyer AS, Tuomainen P, Tenkanen M.
Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland.

Dig Dis Sci. 2009 Aug 20.
A Molecular Analysis of Fecal and Mucosal Bacterial Communities in Irritable Bowel Syndrome.
Codling C, O'Mahony L, Shanahan F, Quigley EM, Marchesi JR.
Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre, Department of Medicine, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland.
IBS impacts equally on both bacterial communities in the IBS host and a significant difference in the gut microbiota exists between fecal samples from IBS patients and healthy controls. The reason for this difference is unclear and various possible explanations are available, but much more work is required to determine the underlying reason for this observation.

Eur J Clin Nutr. 2009 Aug 19.
The bifidogenic effect of inulin and oligofructose and its consequences for gut health.
Meyer D, Stasse-Wolthuis M.
Sensus, Roosendaal, The Netherlands.

J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem. 2009 Aug 26.
Conferin, potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory isoflavone from Caragana conferta Benth.
Khan AN, Perveen S, Malik A, Afza N, Iqbal L, Latif M, Saleem M.
International Center for Chemical Sciences, HEJ Research Institute of Chemistry, University of Karachi, Karachi, Pakistan.

Cancer Treat Rev. 2009 Aug 4.
Harnessing the fruits of nature for the development of multi-targeted cancer therapeutics.
Sarkar FH, Li Y.
Department of Pathology, Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA.

Carcinogenesis. 2009 Aug 20.
Synbiotic Intervention of Bifidobacterium Lactis and Resistant Starch Protects Against Colorectal Cancer Development in Rats.
Le Leu RK, Hu Y, Brown IL, Woodman RJ, Young GP.
Flinders Centre for Cancer Prevention and Control, Flinders University, South Australia, 5042.
The synbiotic combination of RS and Bifidobacterium lactis significantly protects against the development of colorectal cancer in the rat-azoxymethane model. Synbiotic combination of prebiotic and probiotic seems likely to be a superior preventive strategy to prebiotic alone.

Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2009 Aug 19.
p-Cresyl sulfate serum concentrations in haemodialysis patients are reduced by the prebiotic oligofructose-enriched inulin.
Meijers BK, De Preter V, Verbeke K, Vanrenterghem Y, Evenepoel P.
1Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine.
The prebiotic oligofructose-inulin significantly reduced p-cresyl sulfate generation rates and serum concentrations in haemodialysis patients. Whether reduction of p-cresyl sulfate serum concentrations, an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease in HD patients, will result in improved cardiovascular outcomes remains to be proven.

Inflamm Bowel Dis. 2009 Aug 27.
Antigen-presenting cells exposed to Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM, Bifidobacterium bifidum BI-98, and BI-504 reduce regulatory T cell activity.
Schmidt EG, Claesson MH, Jensen SS, Ravn P, Kristensen NN.
Department of International Health, Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Panum Institute, Denmark.
We conclude that certain probiotic strains can modify APCs to cause reduced Treg activity. This effect apparently depends on a direct APC-to-Treg cell contact. The APC-mediated suppressive effect on Treg function of certain probiotic strains may constrain the anti-inflammatory activity, which is often desired from probiotic therapy. This unexpected function of certain probiotic strains should be taken into consideration when designing adjuvant therapies with these bacteria, or when probiotic strains are selected for improvement of gut-associated inflammation like IBD. (Inflamm Bowel Dis 2009;).

Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Aug 27.
Bifidobacterium Bifidum Improves Intestinal Integrity in a Rat Model of Necrotizing Enterocolitis.
Khailova L, Dvorak K, Arganbright KM, Halpern MD, Kinouchi T, Yajima M, Dvorak B.
University of Arizona.

J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Aug 25.
The Effect of Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) Byproducts and Ellagitannins on the Growth of Human Gut Bacteria.
Bialonska D, Kasimsetty SG, Schrader KK, Ferreira D.
Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy.

Caries Res. 2009 Aug 18;43(5):374-381.
Effect of Long-Term Consumption of Milk Supplemented with Probiotic Lactobacilli and Fluoride on Dental Caries and General Health in Preschool Children: A Cluster-Randomized Study.
Stecksen-Blicks C, Sjostrom I, Twetman S.
Department of Odontology, Paediatric Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.
No serious side effects were reported. It is concluded that daily consumption of milk containing probiotic bacteria and fluoride reduced caries in preschool children with a prevented fraction of 75%. Additional beneficial health effects were evident. Copyright c 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.

Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Aug 14.
Human gastrointestinal tract survival of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG after daily consumption of a low fat probiotic spread.
Dommels YE, Kemperman RA, Zebregs YE, Draaisma RB, Jol A, Wolvers DA, Vaughan EE, Albers R.
Unilever R&D Vlaardingen, PO Box 114, 3130 AC, Vlaardingen, the Netherlands.

J Nutr. 2009 Aug 12.
Bacillus polyfermenticus Ameliorates Colonic Inflammation by Promoting Cytoprotective Effects in Colitic Mice.
Im E, Choi YJ, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH.
Division of Gastroenterology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02215.
These data suggest that B. polyfermenticus ameliorates colonic inflammation by suppressing apoptosis and promoting epithelial cell proliferation and migration.

J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Aug 6.
Hydrolysis of Rosmarinic Acid from Rosemary Extract with Esterases and Lactobacillus johnsonii in Vitro and in a Gastrointestinal Model.
Bel-Rhlid R, Crespy V, Page?-Zoerkler N, Nagy K, Raab T, Hansen CE.
Nestec Ltd., Nestle Research Centre, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, P.O. Box 44, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland.

Int J Food Microbiol. 2009 Aug 31;134(1-2):147-53.
Effect of a synbiotic food consumption on human gut metabolic profiles evaluated by (1)H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance spectroscopy.
Ndagijimana M, Laghi L, Vitali B, Placucci G, Brigidi P, Guerzoni ME.
Department of Food Science, Alma Mater Studiorum, University of Bologna, 40127, Bologna, Italy. mauricend@gmail.com

PLoS One. 2009 Aug 25;4(8):e6759.
Butyrate-induced transcriptional changes in human colonic mucosa.
Vanhoutvin SA, Troost FJ, Hamer HM, Lindsey PJ, Koek GH, Jonkers DM, Kodde A, Venema K, Brummer RJ.
TI Food and Nutrition, Wageningen, The Netherlands. s.vanhoutvin@intmed.unimaas.nl
Colonic administration of butyrate in concentrations that can be achieved by consumption of a high-fiber diet enhances the maintenance of colonic homeostasis in healthy subjects, by regulating fatty acid metabolism, electron transport and oxidative stress pathways on the transcriptional level and provide for the first time, detailed molecular insight in the transcriptional response of gut mucosa to butyrate.

Nutrition. 2009 Aug 7.
Fructo-oligosaccharides enhance the mineral absorption and counteract the adverse effects of phytic acid in mice.
Wang Y, Zeng T, Wang SE, Wang W, Wang Q, Yu HX.
Shandong Centre for Tuberculosis Control, Shandong, Jinan, Peoples Republic of China.
FOS effectively enhances the mineral apparent absorption rate and counteracts the deleterious effects of PA.
Br J Nutr. 2009 Aug 7:1-4.
Particle size and fraction of wheat bran influence short-chain fatty acid production in vitro.
Stewart ML, Slavin JL.
Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of Minnesota, 1334 Eckles Avenue, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.
Whole grains are associated with decreased risk of chronic disease and decreased risk of obesity. Several mechanisms may be involved including SCFA production via fibre fermentation in the colon. Fine by-product produced the greatest SCFA concentrations. By-product (both coarse and fine) produced greater SCFA concentrations than bran (both large and small particle sizes). Aleurone produced SCFA concentrations similar to small-particle bran. The molar percentage of butyrate at 24 h was significantly greater for large-particle bran than the other samples. Small/fine particle size and by-product fraction of bran increased SCFA production compared with large/coarse particle size, and aleurone and whole bran. Bran characteristics and composition should be considered when manufacturing foods due to the diversity of physiological effects.