2009”N‚XŒŽ

Eur J Pediatr Surg. 2009 Sep 10.
Treatment with Botulinum Toxin in Children with Chronic Anal Fissure.
Husberg B, Malmborg P, Strigard K.
Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Department of Surgical Gastroenterology, Stockholm, Sweden.
Treatment with botulinum toxin in the external sphincter produces a quick and effective alleviation of pain with healing of chronic anal fissures in children. The treatment is not considered to carry any risks but requires light anaesthesia. Recurrences are common after the pharmacological effect has receded but can be cured with an additional injection.

Toxicon. 2009 Oct;54(5):614-23.
Disease-oriented approach to botulinum toxin use.
Jankovic J.
Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Department of Neurology, Baylor College of Medicine, 6550 Fannin, Suite 1801, Houston, TX 77030, USA. josephj@bcm.edu

Gastroenterol Res Pract. 2009;2009:752401.
The effects of maturation on the colonic microflora in infancy and childhood.
Enck P, Zimmermann K, Rusch K, Schwiertz A, Klosterhalfen S, Frick JS.
Department of Internal Medicine VI, University Hospital Tubingen, Frondsbergstrasse 23, 72076 Tubingen, Germany.

J Nutr Biochem. 2009 Oct;20(10):743-52.
Gastrointestinal microflora, food components and colon cancer prevention.
Davis CD, Milner JA.
Nutritional Science Research Group, Division of Cancer Prevention, National Cancer Institute, Rockville, MD 20892-7328, USA. davisci@mail.nih.gov

J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2009 Oct;93(5):647-58.
Intestinal function and gut microflora of broiler chickens as influenced by cereal grains and microbial enzyme supplementation.
Shakouri MD, Iji PA, Mikkelsen LL, Cowieson AJ.
School of Rural Science and Agriculture, University of New England, Armidale, NSW, Australia.

Dig Dis. 2009;27(3):252-8. Epub 2009 Sep 24.
The microbiota in inflammatory bowel disease in different age groups.
Cucchiara S, Iebba V, Conte MP, Schippa S.
Pediatric Gastroenterology and Liver Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Sapienza University of Rome, IT-00161 Rome, Italy. salvatore.cucchiara@uniroma1.it
An increase in anaerobic bacteria (Bacteroidesvulgatus, Streptococcus faecalis) was observed in adult IBD, whereas an increase in aerobic and facultative-anaerobic (Escherichia coli) was found in pediatric IBD. Overall higher bacterial cell counts were observed in IBD, jointly with a general loss of biodiversity and a preponderance of Bacteroidetes and a parallel decrease of Firmicutes phylum: a predominance of potential harmful members of Proteobacteria (E. coli) and low abundance of beneficial species (Faecalibacterium prausnitzii) was also reported in pediatric and adult age groups, respectively. Microbial community of elderly subjects contains a wider range of different species than those of children and adults, both in healthy and IBD status. Copyright 2009 S. Karger AG, Basel.

J Pediatr. 2009 Sep 25.
Intestinal Microbial Ecology in Premature Infants Assessed with Non-Culture-Based Techniques.
Mshvildadze M, Neu J, Shuster J, Theriaque D, Li N, Mai V.
From the Chachava Scientific-Research Institute of Perinatal Medicine Obstetrics and Gynecology, Tbilisi, Georgia (M.M.); Department of Pediatrics (M.M., J.N., N.L.), Departments of Epidemiology and Health Policy Research (J.S.), General Clinical Research Center (J.S., D.T.), and Microbiology and Cell Sciences and Emerging Pathogens Institute (V.M.), University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

Gerodontology. 2009 Sep 22.
In vivo assessment of the effect of an adhesive for complete dentures on colonisation of Candida species.
Oliveira MC, Oliveira VM, Vieira AC, Rambob I.
Assistant Professor of Dental Prosthesis, College of Dentistry, State University of Feira de Santana and Master in Clinical Dentistry, Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Salvador - Ba, Brazil.

PLoS One. 2009 Sep 23;4(9):e7125.
Monitoring bacterial community of human gut microbiota reveals an increase in Lactobacillus in obese patients and Methanogens in anorexic patients.
Armougom F, Henry M, Vialettes B, Raccah D, Raoult D.
URMITE-UMR CNRS 6236, IRD 3R198, Universite de la Mediterranee, Faculte de medecine, and Nutrition and Diabetology Department, University Hospital Sainte Marguerite, Marseille, France.
Lactobacillus species are widely used as growth promoters in the farm industry and are now linked to obesity in humans. The study of the bacterial flora in anorexic patients revealed an increase in M. smithii. This increase might represent an adaptive use of nutrients in this population.

Br J Nutr. 2009 Sep 22:1-9.
Comparison of gut microbiota and allergic reactions in BALB/c mice fed different cultivars of rice.
Sonoyama K, Ogasawara T, Goto H, Yoshida T, Takemura N, Fujiwara R, Watanabe J, Ito H, Morita T, Tokunaga Y, Yanagihara T.
Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8589, Japan.

Curr Opin Pediatr. 2009 Sep 16.
The importance of the development of the intestinal microbiota in infancy.
Vael C, Desager K.
Department of Microbiology, Belgium bDepartment of Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.

Immunity. 2009 Sep 18;31(3):368-76.
Immune responses to the microbiota at the intestinal mucosal surface.
Duerkop BA, Vaishnava S, Hooper LV.
Department of Immunology, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center at Dallas, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.

Am J Gastroenterol. 2009 Sep 15.
Proximal Small Intestinal Microbiota and Identification of Rod-Shaped Bacteria Associated With Childhood Celiac Disease.
Ou G, Hedberg M, Horstedt P, Baranov V, Forsberg G, Drobni M, Sandstrom O, Wai SN, Johansson I, Hammarstrom ML, Hernell O, Hammarstrom S.
Department of Clinical Microbiology, Immunology, Umea University, Umea, Sweden.
Rod-shaped bacteria, probably of the indicated species, constituted a significant fraction of the proximal small intestine microbiota in children born during the Swedish CD epidemic and may have been an important risk factor for CD contributing to the fourfold increase in disease incidence in children below 2 years of age during that time.Am J Gastroenterol advance online publication, 15 September 2009; doi:10.1038/ajg.2009.524.

Br J Nutr. 2009 Sep 15:1-9.
Set up of a new in vitro model to study dietary fructans fermentation in formula-fed babies.
Le Blay G, Chassard C, Baltzer S, Lacroix C.
Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Institute of Food Science and Nutrition, ETH Zurich, Schmelzbergstrasse 7, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland.

PLoS One. 2009 Sep 9;4(9):e6958.
Intestinal microbiota regulate xenobiotic metabolism in the liver.
Bjorkholm B, Bok CM, Lundin A, Rafter J, Hibberd ML, Pettersson S.
Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell biology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Clin Exp Allergy. 2009 Sep 3.
Influence of early gut microbiota on the maturation of childhood mucosal and systemic immune responses.
Sjogren YM, Tomicic S, Lundberg A, Bottcher MF, Bjorksten B, Sverremark-Ekstrom E, Jenmalm MC.
Department of Immunology, Wenner-Gren Institute, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.

FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2009 Oct;299(2):175-83.
What do we mean when we refer to Bacteroidetes populations in the human gastrointestinal microbiota?
Hoyles L, McCartney AL.
Microbial Ecology and Health Group, Food Microbial Sciences Unit, School of Chemistry, Food Biosciences and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Berkshire, UK.

J Appl Microbiol. 2009 Oct;107(4):1108-18.
Alteration of the gastrointestinal microbiota of mice by edible blue-green algae.
Rasmussen HE, Martinez I, Lee JY, Walter J.
Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
The results presented here show that administration of blue-green algae, and especially N. commune, alters colonic microbiota composition in mice with limited effects on total bacterial numbers or microbial diversity. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: Blue-green algae are consumed in many countries as a source of nutrients and to promote health, and they are intensively studied for their pharmaceutical value. Given the importance of the gut microbiota for many host functions, the effects of blue-green algae on gut microbial ecology revealed during this study should be considered when using them as food supplements or when studying their pharmaceutical properties.

Obesity (Silver Spring). 2009 Oct;17(10):1906-15.
Interplay between weight loss and gut microbiota composition in overweight adolescents.
Santacruz A, Marcos A, Warnberg J, Marti A, Martin-Matillas M, Campoy C, Moreno LA, Veiga O, Redondo-Figuero C, Garagorri JM, Azcona C, Delgado M, Garcia-Fuentes M, Collado MC, Sanz Y.
Instituto de Agroquimica y Tecnologia de Alimentos (CSIC), Valencia, Spain.
These findings indicate that calorie restriction and physical activity have an impact on gut microbiota composition related to body weight loss, which also seem to be influenced by the individual's microbiota.

J Anim Physiol Anim Nutr (Berl). 2009 Oct;93(5):586-95.
Intestinal microbiota differentially affect brush border enzyme activity and gene expression in the neonatal gnotobiotic pig.
Willing BP, Van Kessel AG.
Department of Animal and Poultry Science, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada.
We conclude that enterocyte up-regulation of APN expression occurs as either a direct response to microbial colonization or as a feedback mechanism in response to reduced enzyme activity through microbial degradation. This mechanism may play a role in ensuring effective competition of the host with the intestinal microbiota for available nutrients.

Mol Nutr Food Res. 2009 Sep 9.
Cellular DNA breakage by soy isoflavone genistein and its methylated structural analogue biochanin A.
Ullah MF, Shamim U, Hanif S, Azmi AS, Hadi SM.
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Life Sciences, AMU, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India.

J Photochem Photobiol B. 2009 Sep 4;96(3):242-8.
Antioxidant activity of daidzein, a natural antioxidant, and its spectroscopic properties in organic solvents and phosphatidylcholine liposomes.
Dwiecki K, Neunert G, Polewski P, Polewski K.
Poznan University of Life Sciences, Department of Physics, 60-637 Poznan, ul. Wojska, Polskiego 38/42, Poland.

Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Sep 23.
Gut microbiota fermentation of prebiotics increases satietogenic and incretin gut peptide production with consequences for appetite sensation and glucose response after a meal.
Cani PD, Lecourt E, Dewulf EM, Sohet FM, Pachikian BD, Naslain D, De Backer F, Neyrinck AM, Delzenne NM.
Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium.
Prebiotic supplementation was associated with an increase in plasma gut peptide concentrations (glucagon-like peptide 1 and peptide YY), which may contribute in part to changes in appetite sensation and glucose excursion responses after a meal in healthy subjects.

J Agric Food Chem. 2009 Sep 23;57(18):8598-606.
In vitro fermentation of arabinoxylan-derived carbohydrates by bifidobacteria and mixed fecal microbiota.
Pastell H, Westermann P, Meyer AS, Tuomainen P, Tenkanen M.
Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. elena.pastell@helsinki.fi


Curr Microbiol. 2009 Sep 24.
Antimicrobial Activity, Inhibition of Urogenital Pathogens, and Synergistic Interactions Between Lactobacillus Strains.
Ruiz FO, Gerbaldo G, Asurmendi P, Pascual LM, Giordano W, Barberis IL.
Departamento Microbiologia e Inmunologia, Facultad de Ciencias, Exactas, Fco-Qcas y Naturales, Universidad Nacional de Rio Cuarto (UNRC), Ruta Nacional 36 Km.601. CP: X5804BYA, 5800, Rio Cuarto, Cordoba, Argentina.

Pediatr Int. 2009 Sep 15.
Early use of probiotics is an important therapy in infants with severe congenital anomaly.
Kanamori Y, Iwanaka T, Sugiyama M, Komura M, Takahashi T, Yuki N, Morotomi M, Tanaka R.
Department of Pediatric Surgery, the University of Tokyo Hospital: 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8655, Japan.

J Bacteriol. 2009 Sep 4.
An interactive regulatory network controls stress response in Bifidobacterium breve UCC2003.
Zomer A, Fernandez M, Kearney B, Fitzgerald GF, Ventura M, van Sinderen D.
Alimentary Pharmabiotic Centre and Department of Microbiology, National University of Ireland, Cork, Ireland.
Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Oct;75(19):6198-204.
Survival of Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG in the human gastrointestinal tract with daily consumption of a low-fat probiotic spread.
Dommels YE, Kemperman RA, Zebregs YE, Draaisma RB, Jol A, Wolvers DA, Vaughan EE, Albers R.
Unilever R&D Vlaardingen, 3130 AC Vlaardingen, The Netherlands. yvonne.dommels@unilever.com

J Clin Periodontol. 2009 Oct;36(10):850-6.
The influence of a probiotic milk drink on the development of gingivitis: a pilot study.
Staab B, Eick S, Knofler G, Jentsch H.
Department of Conservative Dentistry and Periodontology, Medical Faculty, University of Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
The data suggest a beneficial effect of the probiotic milk drink on gingival inflammation.

Int J Food Microbiol. 2009 Sep 30;135(1):34-8.
Enhancement of survival of probiotic and non-probiotic lactic acid bacteria by yeasts in fermented milk under non-refrigerated conditions.
Liu SQ, Tsao M.
Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, Singapore. chmLsq@nus.edu.sg

Int Immunopharmacol. 2009 Oct;9(11):1265-71.
Immunomodulatory effects of Lactobacillus plantarum on human colon cancer cells.
Paolillo R, Romano Carratelli C, Sorrentino S, Mazzola N, Rizzo A.
Department of Experimental Medicine, Section of Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery-Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.

Lett Appl Microbiol. 2009 Oct;49(4):415-20.
In vitro fermentation of broiler cecal content: the role of lactobacilli and pH value on the composition of microbiota and end products fermentation.
Meimandipour A, Shuhaimi M, Hair-Bejo M, Azhar K, Kabeir BM, Rasti B, Yazid, AM.
Department of Food Service and Management, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University Putra Malaysia, Malaysia.
L. agilis JCM 1048 and L. salivarius ssp. salicinius JCM 1230, as probiotic bacteria, have the ability to re-establish proper microbial balance by the formation of lactate as well as propionate, and stimulate butyrate-producing bacteria to produce butyrate in the chicken cecum. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: This study was the first to report this under in vitro conditions, highlighting the probiotic roles of the two Lactobacillus strains in broiler cecal fermentation at different initial pH. These useful data can be helpful in improving the fermentation process in chicken cecum.