2009.10

Am J Clin Nutr. 2009 Nov;90(5):1236-43.
Gut microbiota fermentation of prebiotics increases satietogenic and incretin gut peptide production with consequences for appetite sensation and glucose response after a meal.
Cani PD, Lecourt E, Dewulf EM, Sohet FM, Pachikian BD, Naslain D, De Backer F, Neyrinck AM, Delzenne NM.
Louvain Drug Research Institute, Metabolism and Nutrition Research Group, Universite Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. patrice.cani@uclouvain.be

Exp Eye Res. 2009 Nov;89(5):604-7.
Gut microbiota affects lens and retinal lipid composition.Oresic M, Seppanen-Laakso T, Yetukuri L, Backhed F, Hanninen V.
The gut microbiota affects host lipid metabolism and is considered an environmental factor that contributes to development of obesity. Our findings may open a new area of investigation how modulation of gut microbiota affects the eye health.

J Dairy Res. 2009 Nov;76(4):446-54. .
Mechanisms involved in the immunostimulation by probiotic fermented milk.
Galdeano CM, de Leblanc Ade M, Carmuega E, Weill R, Perdigon G.
Centro de Referencia para Lactobacilos (CERELA-CONICET), Chacabuco 145, San Miguel de Tucuman (T4000ILC) Tucuman, Argentina.

J Microbiol Methods. 2009 Nov;79(2):156-65. .
Optimized PCR-Temporal Temperature Gel Electrophoresis compared to cultivation to assess diversity of gut microbiota in neonates.
Roudiere L, Jacquot A, Marchandin H, Aujoulat F, Devine R, Zorgniotti I, Jean-Pierre H, Picaud JC, Jumas-Bilak E.
Universite Montpellier 1, Laboratoire de Bacteriologie-Virologie, EA 3755 UM1, Faculte de Pharmacie, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.

Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek. 2009 Oct 30.
Diversity of gut microbiota increases with aging and starvation in the desert locust.
Dillon RJ, Webster G, Weightman AJ, Keith Charnley A.
Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Pembroke Place, Liverpool, L3 5QA, UK, r.j.dillon@liv.ac.uk.

ISME J. 2009 Oct 29.
Interactions between gut microbiota, host genetics and diet relevant to development of metabolic syndromes in mice.
Zhang C, Zhang M, Wang S, Han R, Cao Y, Hua W, Mao Y, Zhang X, Pang X, Wei C, Zhao G, Chen Y, Zhao L.
Laboratory of Molecular Microbial Ecology and Ecogenomics, Department of
Biological Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, PR China.

Nature. 2009 Oct 29;461(7268):1282-6.
Regulation of inflammatory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant receptor GPR43.
Maslowski KM, Vieira AT, Ng A, Kranich J, Sierro F, Yu D, Schilter HC, Rolph MS, Mackay F, Artis D, Xavier RJ, Teixeira MM, Mackay CR.
Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.

Br J Nutr. 2009 Oct 27:1-9.
Maternal consumption of fructo-oligosaccharide diminishes the severity of skin
inflammation in offspring of NC/Nga mice.
Fujiwara R, Takemura N, Watanabe J, Sonoyama K.
Laboratory of Gastrointestinal Physiology, Graduate School of Life Science,
Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.
The diminution of skin lesions was accompanied by lower serum concentrations of total IgG1 and lower expression levels of TNF-alpha in the lesional tissue. These data suggest that maternal consumption of fructo-oligosaccharide diminishes the severity of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in the offspring of NC/Nga mice.

Ageing Res Rev. 2009 Oct 26.
Human intestinal microbiota and healthy ageing.
Tiihonen K, Ouwehand AC, Rautonen N.
Danisco A/S, EnteroMix Research, Sokeritehtaantie 20, FIN-02460 Kantvik, Finland.
Earlier studies have indicated a decrease in anaerobes and bifidobacteria and a concomitant increase in enterobacteria in the intestinal microbiota with ageing. However, new data obtained with molecular techniques suggests decreased stability and increased diversity of the gut microbiota with advancing age.
Further, no simple marker change in microbiota composition can be identified. Except for the reduced immune function, ageing itself may have relatively little effect on overall gastrointestinal function. Concomitant changes in nutrition, increased incidence of disease and corresponding use of medication with advancing age modify the composition of the microbial community of the gastrointestinal tract. This minireview will focus on the recent findings on the gut microbiota of the elderly and on the potential benefits of probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics.

Gut. 2009 Oct 22.
Gut microbes define liver cancer risk in mice exposed to chemical and viral transgenic hepatocarcinogens.
Fox JG, Feng Y, Theve EJ, Fry RC, Fiala JL, Doernte AL, Williams M, Raczynski
AR, McFaline JL, Essigmann JM, Schauer DB, Tannenbaum SR, Dedon PC, Weinman SA, Lemon SM, Rogers AB.
United States;
Background & AIMS: Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) frequently results from synergism between chemical and infectious liver carcinogens. Worldwide, the highest incidence of HCC is in regions endemic for the food-borne contaminant aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. Recently, gut microbes have been imp Enteric microbiota define HCC risk in mice exposed to carcinogenic chemicals or hepatitis virus transgenes. These results have implications for human liver cancer risk assessment and prevention.

Nutr J. 2009 Oct 21;8(1):49.
Associations between dietary habits and body mass index with gut microbiota composition and fecal water genotoxicity: an observational study in African American and Caucasian American volunteers.
Mai V, McCrary QM, Sinha R, Glei M.
CONCLUSIONS: Dietary habits of African Americans, including increased HCA intake and decreased vitamin D intake might at least partially contribute to CRC through modifications of gut microbiota composition that result in changes of the intestinal milieu.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2009 Oct 6;106(40):17187-92. E
Human gut microbiome adopts an alternative state following small bowel transplantation.
Hartman AL, Lough DM, Barupal DK, Fiehn O, Fishbein T, Zasloff M, Eisen JA.
Department of Biology, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21218, USA.

Br J Nutr. 2009 Oct;102(8):1154-60.
Effects of a gluten-free diet on gut microbiota and immune function in healthy adult human subjects.
De Palma G, Nadal I, Collado MC, Sanz Y.
Microbial Ecophysiology and Nutrition Group, Institute of Agrochemistry and Food Technology, Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), PO Box 73, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain.
Diet influences the composition of the gut microbiota and host's health, particularly in patients suffering from food-related diseases. Coeliac disease (CD) is a permanent intolerance to cereal gluten proteins and the only therapy for the patients is to adhere to a life-long gluten-free diet (GFD). No significant differences in dietary intake were found before and after the GFD except for reductions (P = 0.001) in polysaccharides.
Bifidobacterium, Clostridium lituseburense and Faecalibacterium prausnitzii proportions decreased (P = 0.007, P = 0.031 and P = 0.009, respectively) as a result of the GFD analysed by FISH. Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium longum counts decreased (P = 0.020, P = 0.001 and P = 0.017, respectively), while Enterobacteriaceae and Escherichia coli counts increased (P = 0.005 and P = 0.003) after the GFD assessed by qPCR. TNF-alpha, interferon-gamma, IL-10 and IL-8 production by PBMC stimulated with faecal samples was also reduced (P = 0.021, P = 0.037, P = 0.002 and P = 0.007, respectively) after the diet. Therefore, the GFD led to reductions in beneficial gut bacteria populations and the ability of faecal samples to stimulate the host's immunity. Thus, the GFD may constitute an environmental variable to be considered in treated CD patients for its possible effects on gut health.

FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2009 Oct;299(2):175-83.
What do we mean when we refer to Bacteroidetes populations in the human gastrointestinal microbiota?
Hoyles L, McCartney AL.
Microbial Ecology and Health Group, Food Microbial Sciences Unit, School of Chemistry, Food Biosciences and Pharmacy, University of Reading, Whiteknights, Berkshire, UK.
Recent large-scale cloning studies have shown that the ratio of Bacteroidetes to Firmicutes may be important in the obesity-associated gut microbiota, but the species these phyla represent in this ecosystem has not been examined. Bacteroidales, but no one species was present in all donors. FISH analysis
demonstrated that approximately one-quarter of the healthy, nonobese donors harboured high numbers of Bacteroidales not detected by probe Bac303. It is clear that Bacteroidales populations in human faecal samples have been underestimated in FISH-based studies. New probes and complementary primer sets should be designed to examine numerical and compositional changes in the Bacteroidales during dietary interventions and in studies of the obesity-associated microbiota in humans and animal model systems.

J Anim Sci. 2009 Oct;87(10):3244-52.
Low-level fructan supplementation of dogs enhances nutrient digestion and modifies stool metabolite concentrations, but does not alter fecal microbiota populations.
Barry KA, Hernot DC, Middelbos IS, Francis C, Dunsford B, Swanson KS, Fahey GC Jr.
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL 61801, USA.

J Appl Microbiol. 2009 Oct;107(4):1108-18.
Alteration of the gastrointestinal microbiota of mice by edible blue-green algae.
Rasmussen HE, Martinez I, Lee JY, Walter J.
Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583, USA.
Blue-green algae are consumed in many countries as a source of nutrients and to promote health, and they are intensively studied for their pharmaceutical value. Given the importance of the gut microbiota for many
host functions, the effects of blue-green algae on gut microbial ecology revealed during this study should be considered when using them as food supplements or when studying their pharmaceutical properties.

Ageing Res Rev. 2009 Oct 26.
Human intestinal microbiota and healthy ageing.
Tiihonen K, Ouwehand AC, Rautonen N.
Danisco A/S, EnteroMix Research, Sokeritehtaantie 20, FIN-02460 Kantvik, Finland.

Nat Immunol. 2009 Oct 22.
Enteric defensins are essential regulators of intestinal microbial ecology.
Salzman NH, Hung K, Haribhai D, Chu H, Karlsson-Sjoberg J, Amir E, Teggatz P, Barman M, Hayward M, Eastwood D, Stoel M, Zhou Y, Sodergren E, Weinstock GM, Bevins CL, Williams CB, Bos NA.
[1] Division of Gastroenterology [2] Children's Research Institute, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin, USA.

Br J Nutr. 2009 Oct 23:1-4.
Quantitative differences in intestinal Faecalibacterium prausnitzii in obese Indian children.
Balamurugan R, George G, Kabeerdoss J, Hepsiba J, Chandragunasekaran AM, Ramakrishna BS.
Department of Gastrointestinal Sciences, Christian Medical College, Vellore 632004, India.
We concluded that the finding of increased numbers of F. prausnitzii in the faeces of obese children in south India adds to the growing information on alterations in faecal microbiota in obesity.

Microb Ecol. 2009 Oct 21.
In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of the Prebiotics GroBiotic(R)-A, Inulin, Mannanoligosaccharide, and Galactooligosaccharide on the Digestive Microbiota and Performance of Hybrid Striped Bass (Morone chrysops x Morone saxatilis).
Burr G, Hume M, Ricke S, Nisbet D, Gatlin D 3rd.
Department of Wildlife and Fisheries Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA, gary.burr@ars.usda.gov.

Cell. 2009 Oct 14.
Induction of Intestinal Th17 Cells by Segmented Filamentous Bacteria.Ivanov II, Atarashi K, Manel N, Brodie EL, Shima T, Karaoz U, Wei D, Goldfarb
KC, Santee CA, Lynch SV, Tanoue T, Imaoka A, Itoh K, Takeda K, Umesaki Y, Honda K, Littman DR.
Molecular Pathogenesis Program, The Kimmel Center for Biology and Medicine of the Skirball Institute, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10016, USA.

Poult Sci. 2009 Nov;88(11):2324-32.
Microbial community composition of the crop and ceca contents of laying hens fed diets supplemented with Chlorella vulgaris.
Janczyk P, Halle B, Souffrant WB.
Research Unit for Nutritional Physiology "Oskar Kellner," Research Institute for the Biology of Farm Animals, Wilhelm-Stahl-Allee 2, 18196 Dummerstorf, Germany; and.
microbial diversity could be observed. The diversity of the ceca universal

Int J Med Microbiol. 2009 Oct 12.
Molecular crosstalk of probiotic bacteria with the intestinal immune system: Clinical relevance in the context of inflammatory bowel disease.
Hormannsperger G, Haller D.
Biofunctionality, ZIEL-Research Center for Nutrition and Food Science, CDD-Center for Diet and Disease, Technische Universitat Munchen, Am Forum 5, D-85350 Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
The present review is meant to summarize and discuss the clinical relevance of probiotics, but it also seeks to give an overview about currently known probiotic mechanisms in the context of chronic intestinal inflammation with a focus on IEC.

J Anim Sci. 2009 Oct 9.
Ileal microbiota of growing pigs fed different dietary calcium phosphate levels and phytase content and subjected to ileal pectin infusion.
Metzler-Zebeli BU, Vahjen W, Baumgartel T, Rodehutscord M, Mosenthin R.
Institute of Animal Nutrition, University of Hohenheim, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.

Nutr Res. 2009 Sep;29(9):616-22.
Soymilk supplementation does not alter plasma markers of inflammation and oxidative stress in postmenopausal women.
Beavers KM, Serra MC, Beavers DP, Cooke MB, Willoughby DS.
Section on Gerontology, Wake Forest University, School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. kbeavers@wfubmc.edu

Int Urogynecol J Pelvic Floor Dysfunct. 2009 Oct 9.
Effects of soy isoflavones on the uterus and urethra of ovariectomized rats.
Santos ET, Sampaio MD, Cecon PR, de Jesus Simoes M, Sartori MG, Girao MJ.
Department of Gynecology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil, etravaglia@uol.com.br.

Hum Reprod Update. 2009 Oct 8.
Effects of soy protein and isoflavones on circulating hormone concentrations in pre- and post-menopausal women: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Huber J, Imhof M, Schmidt M.
Department of Gynaecologic Endocrinology and Reproductive Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

J Nutr Biochem. 2009 Sep 21.
Daidzein and the daidzein metabolite, equol, enhance adipocyte differentiation and PPARgamma transcriptional activity.
Cho KW, Lee OH, Banz WJ, Moustaid-Moussa N, Shay NF, Kim YC.
Department of Nutrition, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.
These data further support the recent findings that favorable effects of dietary soy isoflavones may be attributable to daidzein and its metabolite equol.

Poult Sci. 2009 Oct;88(10):2125-31.
Genistein supplementation to the quail: effects on egg production and egg yolk genistein, daidzein, and lipid peroxidation levels.
Akdemir F, Sahin K.
Department of Animal Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Firat University, 23119 Elazig, Turkey.
Results of the present study indicate that supplementing with dietary genistein (800 mg/kg) improved performance, egg quality, and egg yolk genistein content and decreased egg yolk MDA concentration in quail.

J Pediatr. 2009 Nov;155(5):S61-70.
Potential roles and clinical utility of prebiotics in newborns, infants, and children: proceedings from a global prebiotic summit meeting, New York City, June 27-28, 2008.
Sherman PM, Cabana M, Gibson GR, Koletzko BV, Neu J, Veereman-Wauters G, Ziegler EE, Walker WA.
Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. philip.sherman@sickkids.ca

Int J Cancer. 2009 Oct 28.
The anti-cancer effect of probiotic Bacillus polyfermenticus on human colon cancer cells is mediated through ErbB2 and ErbB3 inhibition.
Ma EL, Choi YJ, Choi J, Pothoulakis C, Rhee SH, Im E.
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Division of Digestive Diseases, David Geffen School of Medicine, UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

J Microencapsul. 2009 Oct 27.
Microencapsulation in genipin cross-linked gelatine-maltodextrin improves survival of Bifidobacterium adolescentis during exposure to in vitro gastrointestinal conditions.
Borza AD, Annan NT, Moreau DL, Allan-Wojtas PM, Ghanem A, Rousseau D, Paulson AT, Truelstrup Hansen L.
Food Science and Chemical Engineering Programs, Department of Process
Engineering and Applied Science, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.

J Immunol. 2009 Nov 1;183(9):5477-86.
CD4(+) T cells and Lactobacillus casei control relapsing colitis mediated by CD8(+) T cells.
Hacini-Rachinel F, Nancey S, Boschetti G, Sardi F, Doucet-Ladeveze R, Durand PY, Flourie B, Kaiserlian D.
INSERM, Unite 851, Institut Federatif de Recherche-128, Lyon, France.

Anaerobe. 2009 Oct 17.
Sequence analysis of a bacteriocinogenic plasmid of Clostridium butyricum and expression of the bacteriocin gene in Escherichia coli.
Nakanishi S, Tanaka M.
Miyarisan Pharmaceutical Co. Research Laboratory, 102-15, Sakaki, Hanishina, Nagano 389-0682, Japan.

Eur J Nutr. 2009 Oct 17.
Effect of probiotic supplementation on immunoglobulins, isoagglutinins and antibody response in children of low socio-economic status.
Perez N, Iannicelli JC, Girard-Bosch C, Gonzalez S, Varea A, Disalvo L, Apezteguia M, Pernas J, Vicentin D, Cravero R.
Unidad de Inmunologia, Hospital de Ninos de La Plata, Comision de Investigaciones Cientificas de la Provincia de Buenos Aires (CICPBA), S.M. Ludovica, 14 y 65, La Plata, 1900, Argentina, disaper@netverk.com.ar.
CONCLUSIONS: Supplementation of standard fermented milk with additional probiotics was not of benefit. The high natural rate of early microbial exposure in infants and children from a population of low socio-economic status living in a "less hygienic environment" may account for the absence of an additional immune-stimulating effect by supplementary probiotics.

Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol. 2009 Oct 15.
Oral administration of probiotic bacteria, Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium breve, does not exacerbate neurological symptoms in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.
Kobayashi T, Kato I, Nanno M, Shida K, Shibuya K, Matsuoka Y, Onoue M.
Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research, Tokyo, Japan.

Br J Nutr. 2009 Oct 9:1-6.
The probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus reduces cholesterol absorption through the down-regulation of Niemann-Pick C1-like 1 in Caco-2 cells.
Huang Y, Zheng Y.
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Second Clinical Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130041, PR China.

J Nutr Health Aging. 2009 Nov;13(9):813-9.
The feasibility of serving liquid yoghurt supplemented with probiotic bacteria, Lactobacillus rhamnosus LB 21, and Lactococcus lactis L1A--a pilot study among old people with dementia in a residential care facility.
Carlsson M, Gustafson Y, Haglin L, Eriksson S.
Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Geriatric Medicine, Umea University, SE-901 86 Umea, Sweden. maine.carlsson@germed.umu.se
CONCLUSIONS: The present study design was feasible in this group of old people with dementia. The absence of any detectable effect of the supplement on constipation, but rather a considerable loss in body weight, indicate that further research is needed in a large randomised controlled trial, if associations between dementia, constipation and energy balance are to be understood.

Nature. 2009 Oct 29;461(7268):1282-6.
Regulation of inflammatory responses by gut microbiota and chemoattractant receptor GPR43.
Maslowski KM, Vieira AT, Ng A, Kranich J, Sierro F, Yu D, Schilter HC, Rolph MS, Mackay F, Artis D, Xavier RJ, Teixeira MM, Mackay CR.
Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, New South Wales 2010, Australia.

J Environ Sci (China). 2009;21(7):965-70.
Combination effect of pH and acetate on enzymatic cellulose hydrolysis.
Romsaiyud A, Songkasiri W, Nopharatana A, Chaiprasert P.
Division of Biotechnology, School of Bioresources and Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi, Thakham, Bangkhuntien, Bangkok 10150, Thailand. romsaiyud@yahoo.com
The results indicated that both the pH of suspension and acidogenic products influence the enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose in an anaerobic environment. To enhance the cellulose hydrolysis rate, the accumulated acetate concentration should be lower than 25 mmol/L, and pH should be maintained at 7.

Arch Microbiol. 2009 Oct 24.
Comparison of the metabolic activities of four wild-type Clostridium perfringens strains with their gatifloxacin-selected resistant mutants.
Rafii F, Park M, Gamboa da Costa G, Camacho L.
Division of Microbiology, National Center for Toxicological Research, U.S. Food and Drug Administration, 3900 NCTR Road, Jefferson, AR, 72079, USA, fatemeh.rafii@fda.hhs.gov.

Bioresour Technol. 2009 Oct 23.
Microbial fuel cells operating on mixed fatty acids.
Freguia S, Teh EH, Boon N, Leung KM, Keller J, Rabaey K.
Advanced Water Management Centre, Gehrmann Building, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia.
Strategies are being developed to harvest the energy content of the wasted

Nutr Res. 2009 Sep;29(9):631-9.
Carbohydrates blended with polydextrose lower gas production and short-chain fatty acid production in an in vitro system.
Vester Boler BM, Hernot DC, Boileau TW, Bauer LL, Middelbos IS, Murphy MR, Swanson KS, Fahey GC Jr.
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61801, USA. bvester2@illinois.edu
gas volume and H(2) produced after 4, 8, and 12 hours of fermentation compared

Eur J Nutr. 2009 Oct 15.
Soybean whey enhance mineral balance and caecal fermentation in rats.
Tenorio MD, Espinosa-Martos I, Prestamo G, Ruperez P.
Nutricion y Bromatologia II Department, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria, 28040, Madrid, Spain.

Bratisl Lek Listy. 2009;110(9):523-5.
Prebiotic foodstuffs and their health benefits in experiment.
Hijova E, Chmelarova A, Bomba A, Zitnan R.
Institute of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Safarikiensis University, Kosice, Research Institute for Animal Production, Nitra, Slovakia. hijova@pobox.sk
CONCLUSION: Prebiotics may have potential health implications for protection against colon cancer (Tab. 2, Fig. 1, Ref. 14).

Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol. 2009 Oct 1.
CARBOHYDRATE MALDIGESTION INDUCES NECROTIZING ENTEROCOLITIS IN PRETERM PIGS.
Thymann T, Moller HK, Stoll B, Stoy AC, Buddington RK, Bering SB, Jensen BB, Olutoye OO, Siggers RH, Molbak L, Sangild PT, Burrin DG.
1University of Copenhagen.
We conclude that carbohydrate maldigestion is sufficient to increase the incidence and severity of NEC in preterm pigs.

Poult Sci. 2009 Oct;88(10):2132-40.
The effect of diets containing soybean meal, soybean protein concentrate, and soybean protein isolate of different oligosaccharide content on growth performance and gut function of young turkeys.
Jankowski J, Juskiewicz J, Gulewicz K, Lecewicz A, Slominski BA, Zdunczyk Z.
Department of Poultry Science, University of Warmia and Mazury, 10-718 Olsztyn, Poland.